大口径光学组件重力翻转测试方法验证及应用

摘要

空间光学遥感器的光学组件在地面检测时,最终检测结果受重力变形、结构变形、装配应力、加工残差等多重因素影响.考虑到重力影响在轨后会自动消失,因此在地面装调过程中,需要将重力变形误差与结构变形和装配应力的影响严格区分,有效提高装配精度,降低装配难度.针对采用Bipod光机结构设计的光学组件,利用其力学边界条件简单的特点,通过有限元分析可以获得较为准确的分析结果,重力影响的光学面形误差可以通过翻转测试的数据叠加有效去除.文章将光学组件分别在光轴竖直向上和光轴竖直向下的条件下进行测试,通过将两次测试结果图像叠加,有效去除重力变形影响,实现了和装配应力的有效分离.%When the optical components of the space optical remote sensor are detected on the ground, the final test results are affected by multiple factors such as gravity deformation, structural deformation, assembly stress, and machining residuals errors. As the influence of gravity will automatically disappear on orbit, the gravity deformation error must be strictly distinguished from the effects of structural deformation and assembly stress in integrated process on ground, thus effectively improving assembly accuracy and reducing assembly difficulty. For the optical components mounted on Bipod structure, the finite element analysis can be used to obtain more accurate results using the characteristics of the simple mechanical boundary conditions. The optical surface figure error caused by the gravity can be effectively removed by the data superposition of the flip tests. In this paper, the optical components are tested vertically with optical surface up and down. By superimposing the images of the two test results, the influence of gravity deformation is effectively removed, and the assembly stress is effectively separated.