首次交会对接任务发射场加注安全保障改进

摘要

载人航天器加注是航天器研制过程中安全风险最高、危险作业工序最多的环节,必须采取严密的安全防护措施,确保万无一失.通过实践探索积累经验,全面周密的设计论证,对原有加注硬件条件进行改造,工作流程进行优化,从而大幅提高本质安全度,并在首次交会对接任务中加以应用和验证,取得了良好的效果,圆满完成了“天宫一号”、“神舟八号”发射任务的加注工作.%The propellant injection for spacecraft at the launch site is the most dangerous procedure in the whole R&D process, which involves many dangerous operations. Strict protective measures must be taken to avoid any mistakes. Based on the experience of previous practices, and by adequate design and discussion aimed at improving the current hardware conditions, the operation procedures for propellant injection of spacecrafts are optimized with a great enhancement of the intrinsic safety. These approaches have been applied in China's first rendezvous and docking mission, which brings about successful accomplishment of the propellant injection of the Tiangong-Ⅰ and Shenzhou-Ⅷ spacecraft.