载人航天器密封舱内细水雾灭火数值研究

摘要

为了研究微重力环境下细水雾灭火机理，利用FDS软件对细水雾雾化特征进行了仿真分析，结果表明：微重力环境有利于细水雾的形成和雾场的扩大，但由于没有重力场的作用而使得雾动量下降，导致雾滴穿透火焰的能力下降。通过对载人航天器密封舱内细水雾灭火的仿真计算，获得了火灾场特征位置处的温度及氧浓度（指体积分数）随时间变化规律，分析表明细水雾灭火不仅可以降低火焰的温度，而且还可通过稀释火灾场的氧浓度对火灾起到很好地抑制作用。%A simulation model of water mist is established to study the fire extinguishment mechanism in case of a fire under the micro-gravity environment. Atomizing characteristics of the water mist are investigated under different gravity environments by the FDS. It is found that the spray momentum is reduced under the micro-gravity environment, but the scope of protection is increased. Numerical simulations of the fire being suppressed by the water mist in a typical manned spacecraft are carried out, and the temperature and the oxygen concentration against time are obtained. It turns out that the water mist can suppress the fire by flame cooling and oxygen dilution effectively.