脉冲涡流检测技术及其在3A21铝锰合金缺陷检测中的应用

摘要

脉冲涡流无损检测技术是无损检测领域研究的前沿和热点。文章基于对脉冲涡流检测技术的分析，对其物理过程进行了抽象简化，推导建立了理论模型。结合电磁理论分析，考虑脉冲涡流过程的趋肤效应等因素，进一步建立了针对检测对象的二维轴对称有限元理论仿真模型。3A21铝锰合金材料是航空构件的重要材料之一，针对该材料中的裂纹缺陷进行了理论分析，给出了不同频率激励下的电磁响应物理图像，最后在实验装置上进行了脉冲涡流检测实验。结果表明，建立的理论模型能够定量地给出缺陷的相对位置和大小等信息，是一种有效的航空构件缺陷检测手段，具有很好的应用开发前景。%The pulse eddy current non-destructive testing technology is an important non-destructive testing technology. Based on the analysis of the technology’s physical process, a theoretical model is established. Combined with an electromagnetic theoretical analysis, a two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element theoretical model is built for detecting the object defects, with consideration of the skin effect. The electromagnetic response is simulated under different exciting frequencies, based on a theoretical analysis of the 3A21 alumal’s crack defect. The pulse eddy non-destructive testing experiments are carried out on a homemade physical experimental platform. Experimental results are found to be consistent with the theoretical prediction with respect to the relative position and the size of the defects. The method is shown to be effective in detecting the aviation component’s defects, with various applications and development prospects.