导航天线相位中心与卫星质心的偏差对伪距误差的影响分析

摘要

It’ s important for the navigation system to measure the pseudo-distance between the earth and the satellite. On the basis of the ephemeris application the distance measuring error mode l would be modified. The precision of range measurement is impacted by the distance between the center of satellite and the phase center of antenna. The distance could be modified easier in verticaldirection than in horizontal direction distance. This paper describes the location of the phase center of the antenna on the stationary orbitsatellite or yaw navigation satellitein detail. Then it presents the distance-measur-ing error model and provides the methods of modifying separately. The research of the method provides a good result for the users and could be appliedon the different payload and antenna of the navigation satellite extensively.%导航卫星为了实现星地双向时间比对需要进行伪距测量，进行伪距测量时需要应用星历参数，并在此基础上对各类误差源进行修正。导航天线相位中心与卫星质心之间的距离影响测距精度，其中纵向距离相对较容易进行修正，而横向距离相差越大，对测距误差的影响就越大。文章从天线相位中心与卫星质心之间的位置关系出发，分别给出了静止轨道导航卫星和存在偏航的导航卫星上天线相位中心与卫星质心之间横向差值和纵向差值对测距误差的相应影响。并提出了可能的用户机星历归算修正方案，为用户最终得到较好的测距效果打下良好的基础，同时导航天线相位中心远离卫星质心所带来的伪距误差可以有效修正，这样也为导航卫星平台上能够存在多种用途的导航载荷及导航天线提供了理论基础。