The Manila subduction zone is a seismic -prone area in South China Sea whose formation and tectonic evolution have close relationship with the earthquake causes. In this paper, the seismic data and tomography results of Manila subduction zone were conducted in-depth analysis. The results showed that: the earthquakes in Manila subduction zone are mainly intensive shallow earthquakes without intermediate and deep focus earthquakes. Further analysis revealed that: 1) Dehydration and eclogite formation of South China Sea ocean crust largely cease before contacting with asthenosphere. In the south of Manila subduction zone, South China Sea oceanic crust changed to plastic deformation in shallow depth and stopped diving while the South China Sea plate continued to dive due to the oblique obduction of the Philippine plate in the north. 2) Subducting plate of Manila subduction zone was tore in the North Luzon Trench with a depth of nearly 100km and extended southward to the ancient spreading ridge of South China Sea. These two mechanisms combined responsible for the absence of intermediate and deep focus earthquakes of the Manila subduction zone.%马尼拉俯冲带是整个南海地震活动多发区,地震成因与南海的形成和构造演化关系密切.对马尼拉俯冲带地震数据和层析成像结果进行了深入分析.结果表明:马尼拉俯冲带的地震活动主要为密集的浅源地震,缺失中深源地震.进一步分析揭示:①脱水和榴辉岩的形成在南海洋壳到达软流圈前就基本停止.马尼拉俯冲带南部在较浅的深度就转变为塑性变形,并停止俯冲;北部由于菲律宾板块的斜向仰冲作用,南海板块继续向下俯冲；②俯冲板块在马尼拉俯冲带北吕宋海槽发生撕裂,向南延伸至南海古扩张脊,撕裂深度约100 km.以上两种机制综合作用导致马尼拉俯冲带缺失中深源地震.
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