水稻季施肥对后季绿肥物质养分积累的影响

摘要

Field experiment was carried out to study the applied amounts of N, P, K. fertilizers on the yields and nutrient accumulations of green manure in order to decide the optimal fertilizer amounts in the condition of rice-Chinese milk vetch rotation system. The results showed that the fresh grass yields with N, P, K fertilizer treatments increased by 27.9% - 40.9%, 12.6% - 37.2% and 21.4% - 46.2% than no N, P, K fertilizer treatments respectively. Among N fertilizer treatments, N accumulation of the treatments with N fertilizer increased by 48.8% - 62.3% than no N applied, C, N, K accumulation reached to the maximal values with 142.4 kg/hm2 N fertilizer applied, P accumulation reached to the maximal value with 71.2 kg/hm2 N fertilizer applied. Among P fertilizer treatments, P accumulation of the treatments with P fertilizer increased by 33.0% - 78.3% than no P treatments, C, N, P, K accumulations reached the maximal values with 49.1 kg/hm2 P fertilizer applied. K. accumulation of the treatments with K fertilizer increased by 22.2% - 44.8% than no K treatments, among K fertilizer treatments, C, N, P, K. accumulations reached the maximal values when K. fertilizer amount were 67.5 and 101.2 kg/hm2 in the rice season, and those two treatments had little difference. Under this experiment condition, the yield and C, N, P, K accumulations of green manure were 15 833 and 929.2, 44.6, 5.8 and 45.9 kg/hm2 respectively, while N, P, K fertilizer amounts were 142.4,49.1 and 67.5 (or 101.2) kg/hm2 in the rice season.%田间试验条件下,研究水稻季不同氮、磷、钾肥用量对后季绿肥物质养分积累的影响,为水稻-紫云英轮作条件下适宜化肥用量的确定提供依据.结果表明,水稻季施氮、磷、钾肥处理的绿肥鲜草产量分别较不施氮、磷、钾肥处理增加27.9％～40.9％、12.6％ ～ 37.2％、21.4％～46.2％.水稻季不同氮肥处理比较,施氮处理的氮积累量较不施氮处理增加48.8％ ～ 62.3％,氮肥(N)用量为142.4 kg/hm2时,绿肥碳、氮、钾积累量最高,氮肥用量为71.2 kg/hm2时,绿肥磷积累量最高.水稻季不同磷肥处理比较,施磷处理的绿肥磷积累量较不施磷处理增加33.0％～ 78.3％,磷肥(P)用量为49.1 kg/hm2时绿肥的碳、氮、磷、钾积累量均最高.水稻季施钾处理的绿肥钾积累量较不施钾处理增加22.2％ ～ 44.8％,水稻季钾肥(K)用量为67.5 kg/hm2和101.2kg/hm2时,绿肥的碳、氮、磷、钾积累量较高,且两处理间相差较小.本试验条件下,水稻季氮、磷、钾用量分别为142.4、49.1、67.5(或101.2)kg/hm2时,绿肥的产量及碳、氮、磷、钾积累量最高,分别为15833 kg/hm2和929.2、44.6、5.8、45.9 kg/hm2.