美国儿童家庭寄养政策的演变及评价

摘要

Since the establishment of child foster care in the U. S. , the federal law has been the major influence of both the foster care and child welfare policy. The child foster care policy in the United States has gone through the stage of the establishment, development and of foster children, also gradually strengthened the focus reform, emphasised on the safety and permanent placement on older foster children, preventive services provided as well as ethnic and racial issues. This paper describes , analyzes and critiques the evolution of the American child foster care policy （ 1961 - 2008）.%美国建立儿童家庭寄养制度以来，联邦法律一直是影响儿童家庭寄养及儿童福利政策框架的主要因素。美国儿童家庭寄养制度经历了建立、发展以及改革阶段，强调寄养儿童的安全与永久性安置，并逐渐对大龄寄养儿童、预防性服务的提供、民族与种族问题开始关注。本文详细介绍了美国儿童家庭寄养政策的演变过程（1961—2008），并进行了分析与评价。