23个葡萄砧木的抗寒性比较与评价

摘要

UsingVitis amurensis accession Zuoshan75097 andV. vinifera cv. Red Globe as cold-resistance control (CK1) and cold-sensitive control (CK2) respectively, the relative conductivity, proline, malondialdehyde, soluble protein and soluble sugars of one-year old branches of twenty-three rootstock varieties after appropriate freezing temperature treatment was measured. Comprehensive evaluation of the cold-resistance level of rootstocks was performed with subordinative function method. The results showed that Beta, Zuoshan 75097, Yanshan-1, 101-14, 5A and 3309C belonged to high resistance; 5BB, 188-08, Heshan-1,V. Riparia (♀), 110R and 1103P belonged to cold resistance; Kangzhen 3, Freedom, YH56, SO4, 225Ru, Dog Ridge, Borner and 1-1-6 belonged to middle resistance; 6-12-1, 6-12-4 and 6-12-6 belonged to low resistance; Salt Creek and Red Globe present susceptible. Cold-resistant varieties could be used in grape production in cold area. Hybrids of Heshan-1, YH56 and 1-1-6 can be used for further screening of adversity resistance rootstock.%本文以山葡萄左山75097和欧洲葡萄红地球分别作为抗寒对照（CK1）和不抗寒对照（CK2），通过人工低温胁迫处理一年生休眠枝条的方法，测定了23个葡萄砧木品种和杂种优株的相对电导率、脯氨酸、丙二醛、可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白等5项生理指标，然后利用隶属函数法综合评价其抗寒性，为生产应用和砧木育种提供参考依据。结果表明：贝达、山葡萄左山75097、燕山-1、101-14、5A和3309C属于高抗类型；5BB、188-08、河山-1、河岸（♀）、110R和1103P属于抗寒类型；抗砧3号、Freedom、YH56、SO4、225Ru、狗脊、Borner和1-1-6属于中抗类型；6-12-4、6-12-1和6-12-6属于低抗类型；Salt Creek和红地球属于不抗类型。高抗和抗寒品种可用作寒地葡萄栽培的砧木，抗寒杂种优株河山-1和中抗杂种优株YH56、1-1-6可用作进一步的抗逆性鉴定以选育多抗砧木。