水体的富营养化已成为目前环境研究中的焦点问题，磷在湖泊中的浓度高低是衡量湖泊富营养化水平的重要指标，是水生态系统基本营养盐之一，并且是淡水湖泊的最主要限制性营养因子。在外源磷得到有效的控制之后，内源磷的污染仍然能够保持湖泊的富营养化状态，此时内源磷的控制就成为了难点和重点。在底泥中的结合态磷，主要是以无机磷和有机磷的形式存在，有机磷与微生物活性密切相关，无机磷则主要与底泥存在的环境联系紧密。湖泊底泥内源磷释放受到一系列物理、化学、生物过程的控制，其影响因素主要包括扰动、氧化还原电位、pH值等，是多种因子综合作用的结果，同时，扰动引起的底泥再悬浮对内源磷有吸附固定作用。故底泥内源磷的释放机理有待进一步探索，在多种影响因素作用下，进一步研究底泥再悬浮对磷的吸附释放作用，从而明确内源磷的主要来源及吸附释放过程，为内源磷的控制提供理论依据，进而控制水体富营养化。%The eutrophication of natural water bodies has become the focal issue in current environmental studies. As an important index to measure the eutrophication level in lakes, the concentration of phosphorus is one of the basic nutrient salts in aquatic ecosystems and the uppermost restrictive nutrition factor for freshwater lakes. When the exogenous phosphorus is controlled, the pollution of endogenous phosphorus still keeps the eutrophication of lakes. Consequently the control of endogenous phosphorus becomes difficulty and key. The bound phosphorus in the sediments exists in inorganic and organic states. The organic phosphorus is closely related to microbial activity while the inorganic phosphorus is relevant to its environment. The release of endogenous phosphorus is controlled by a series process of physics, chemistry and biology. The affecting factors mainly include disturbance, redox potential, pH, etc. Furthermore, the disturbance caused sediment resuspension absorbs the endogenous phosphorus. Therefore, the release mechanism of endogenous phosphorus needs further studies to provide a theoretical basis for the control of endogenous phosphorus, so as to control the eutrophication of natural water bodies.
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