城市开放街区步行环境质量评价初探——以南京河西CBD和日本品川国际城为例

摘要

当前我国城市中以商务商业为主要功能的混合街区数量不断增加,其开放性的街区内部步行环境质量是衡量城市宜居性的重要指标之一.选取南京河西CBD一期南部街区和日本品川国际城进行调查和研究,从效率和舒适两个维度,构建开放街区步行环境质量评价指标.指标对比分析及现场调查结果显示,品川国际城步行效率明显较高,两者舒适度相当.研究得出影响开放街区步行环境质量的4个主要空间形态因素:商业空间形态、步行系统结构、外部景观形态和建筑界面形式.此外,街区规模及开发强度对步行环境质量也存在一定影响,城市空间的紧凑策略是提升步行环境质量的重要途径之一.%The number of commercial-business mixed blocks in cities of our country is increasing.The pedestrian environment quality in open blocks is one of the important indicators to measure urban livability. This paper chooses southern blocks of first-stage of Nanjing Hexi CBD and Shinagawa Inter-city as examples to investigate and study. Appraisal target system of open blocks pedestrian environment quality is built from two dimensions of efficiency and comfort. Index contrast analysis and investigation results show that pedestrian efficiency of Shinagawa Inter-city is higher and they are basically equal in comfort. We concludes that four major space-form factors are affecting the quality of pedestrian environment in open blocks, which contains form of commercial space, structure of walking system, form of external landscape, and interface form of the buildings. In addition, the block size and development intensity also have certain influence on pedestrian environment quality, and compact strategy of urban space is one of the important ways to promote pedestrian environment quality.