基于“两规合一”的基本农田规划研究——以上海市嘉定区为例

摘要

＂两规合一＂要求在严格落实国家对基本农田保护和管控的前提下,在区级土地利用总体规划中,充分发挥基本农田的生产生态功能,优先保护具有较高粮食生产能力的耕地,并强化区域生态结构控制,因地制宜地分解落实规划指标;在镇级土地利用总体规划层面,应当充分发挥基本农田的阻隔功能,利用基本农田刚性的控制手段,阻挡建设用地无序蔓延,有效保护现状耕地,从而形成最佳的粮食生产区域和最优的生态空间。本文以上海市嘉定区为例,全面阐述了在＂两规合一＂要求下,本轮土地利用总体规划中基本农田保护区、保护指标和保护图斑的规划方案,实现了区、镇两级基本农田在功能、布局和数量的协调和统一,为大都市基本农田规划的理论和实证研究提供借鉴。%It has been suggested that the protection and management of primary farmland must be prioritized over urban land-use plans.District land-use planning must therefore account for the productive and ecological value of primary farmland,prioritize the protection of valuable cultivated land,manage the regional environmental structure,and reduce the amount of protected areas targeted for development.Town land-use planning has to prevent the development of primary farmland,reduce the ongoing sprawl of developed land,protect cultivated land,and develop suitable areas for food production and ecological reserves.This article illustrates the planning situation in the Jiading district of Shanghai,which is a good example of how to coordinate,distribute,protect,and allocate the amount of primary farmland in a given area.It is a useful theoretical and practical case of how primary farmland planning should be conducted in a metropolis.