华北夏谷区近30年来主要谷子育成品种农艺和品质性状演变分析

摘要

In order to provide the theoretical basis for breeding foxtail millet variety,the agronomic and quality traits of 20 foxtail millet varieties bred in North China in the recent 30 years were investigated.The results showed that the yields of these foxtail millet varieties increased annually by 29 kg/hm2;the spike length,spike weight,grain weight per spike and stem diameter increased;the spike diameter and plant height decreased.The decrease of plant height and increase of stem diameter were conducive to improve the lodging resistance of foxtail millet varieties.The correlation analysis indicated that the correlation coefficient of traits with yield decreased in the order of spike length,spike diameter,grain weight per spike,spike weight,plant height,stem diameter,heading days,thousand seed weight,among them,the thousand seed weight and heading days had less effect on yield.The nutrition quality of foxtail millet varieties bred recently in North China improved little in total,which should be paid more attention.%为给谷子品种选育提供理论依据,对华北夏谷区近30年来育成的20个代表性谷子品种的农艺和品质性状演变情况进行分析.结果表明:该时段内这些谷子品种的产量呈上升趋势,平均每年提高29kg/hm2,穗长、穗重、穗粒重、茎粗呈上升趋势,穗粗、株高呈下降趋势,株高降低、茎粗增粗提高了谷子品种的抗倒伏能力.相关分析表明,各性状与产量的相关系数由大到小依次是穗长＞穗粗＞单穗粒重＞单穗重＞株高＞茎粗＞抽穗日数＞千粒重,其中抽穗日数、千粒重对产量影响不大.华北地区近年来育成品种的营养品质改善较小,应当加以关注.