不同种源北美乔柏和北美香柏幼苗叶挥发性成分的比较

摘要

[目的]分析不同种源北美香柏和北美乔柏叶挥发油成分的组成及相对含量,为进一步合理开发和利用崖柏属植物资源提供理论依据.[方法]以大小相同、长势一致的健康2年生幼苗为材料,通过固相微萃取技术(SPME)提取幼苗相同位置新叶中的挥发性成分,利用气相色谱质谱联用(GC-MS)进行分离与鉴定,采用质谱进行定性,并通过峰面积归一化法求得各挥发成分的相对含量.[结果]不同种源北美乔柏和北美香柏幼苗叶挥发油中共鉴别出156种成分,北美乔柏鉴定出74种,北美香柏鉴定出95种.北美乔柏和北美香柏叶挥发性成分均以单萜类化合物为主,北美乔柏的平均相对含量(80.258％)高于北美香柏(69.445％),而倍半萜类及其他萜类化合物相对含量相反.两树种挥发油成分组成差异明显,不同种源北美乔柏幼苗特有成分27种,北美香柏35种;10个种源共有成分仅6种且含量差异显著,共有成分分别为α-崖柏酮、γ-松油烯、(8β,13β)-13-methyl-17-Norkaur-15-ene、α,α-4-三甲基-3-环己烯-1-甲醇乙酸酯、石竹烯和棕榈酸甲酯.北美乔柏和北美香柏的主要成分差异明显,相同主成分仅有α-崖柏酮和β-水芹烯,但两树种均以α-崖柏酮含量最高.[结论]不同种源北美乔柏和北美香柏挥发性成分组成和含量差异明显,但两树种均以α-崖柏酮含量最高.%[Objective]To provide a theoretical basis for further development and utilization of the Thuja's resources, the composition and relative content of chemical constituents of essential oils from leaves of Thuja plicata and Thuja occidentalis from different provenances were analyzed.[Method]The healthy 2-year-old seedlings with same size and consistent growth were selected as study materials. The volatile components of new leavesin the same position of seedlings from different provenances were extracted by solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME), and separated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Qualitative analysis was carried out by mass spectrometry and the relative content of volatile components was calculatedby peak area normalization.[Result]A total of 156 chemical components of essential oils of T.plicata and T.occdentalis were identified, among which 74 components were identified in T.plicata, and95 components in T.occdentalis. The volatile components of the two species from 10 provenances were dominated by monoterpenes, and the average relative content of T.plicata (80.258％) was higher than that of T.occdentalis (69.445％), but not forthe sesquiterpenoidsand other terpenoids.The two specieswere significantly differentin the composition of the essential oil. For example, 27 components were uniquely obtainedfrom 5 T.plicata provenancesand 35 components from 5 T.occdentalis provenances. There were only 6 common components in 10 provenances and their contents were significantly different The common components wereα-Thujone, γ-Terpinene, (8β, 13β) -13-methyl-17-Norkaur-15-ene, α, α-4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol acetate, Caryophyllene and Hexadecanoic acidmethyl ester, respectively.The main components ofthe essential oildiffered obviously betweentwo species. The same main componentswere only thujone and β-phellandrene whichcontents were the highestinT.plicata and T.occdentalis.[Conclusion]The chemical compositionand content of essential oils from leaves of T.plicata and T.occdentalis in different provenances weresignificantlydifferent, but the content of thujone was the highest in both species.