海洋环境混凝土结构附着生物抑制技术研究进展

摘要

海洋环境混凝土结构表面易被大量海洋生物附着,侵蚀混凝土,降低其耐久性并对景观性造成一定的影响.通过文献介绍海洋附着生物的附着机理以及现有的一些不同观点.将抑制海洋生物附着的传统型技术从物理、化学、生物三个大类进行阐述,分别介绍其优缺点.归纳了新技术,从其改进其自身的润湿性、表面自由能、表面微观结构等性质,并具有特殊的物理化学特性和机械性能,从而有效地抑制附着进行对比.基于众多研究成果,对未来高效环保经济的抑制技术的研究发展趋势进行展望.%The concrete structures used under marine environment are easily attached by biofoulings, which will result in corrosion, reduction in durability and changes in appearances.This article pays attention to the mechanisms of the biofouling and the different point of views held on this.It will be illustrated from physical, chemical, biological prospective to introduce the conventional antifouling technologies, along with their strengths and weaknesses.Also, the new developments in this field, which are improved in wettability, surface energies, topography in order to gain specific physical-chemical and mechanical properties, are also concluded and compared in this passage.Based on numerous study results, a possible future trend of development of highly effective environmentally-friendly antfouling technologies is suggested.