天基单光子激光雷达危险空间碎片探测仿真

摘要

The detection and monitoring of dangerous space debris has been the key points and difficulties of space debris detection, and the existing method can not achieve the effective monitoring of dangerous space debris and orbiting it.A novel scheme based on spaceborne radar was presented for detecting the dangerous space debris.The way adopted space-based single photon detection technology, in order to achieve the detection of dangerous space debris on a scale of hundred kilometers.The point-target radar equation were firstly introduced, and the model of space environment background light noise was established.The detection probability and false alarm rate of single photon radar were discussed and the theoretic analysis and numerical simulation for laser echo signal and detection precision have carried on, and finally,the energy demand of different target detecting was analyzed.The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the target of size of 10 cm in a distance of 500 km can be achieved effective detectied and the accuracy is about 0.2 m.%危险空间碎片的探测与监控一直是空间碎片探测的重点与难点,现有的技术还不能实现对危险空间碎片的有效监测与定轨.针对危险空间碎片的探测,研究了一种主动式天基激光雷达探测方式.该方式采用了天基的单光子探测技术,以期实现对几百公里量级的危险空间碎片进行探测.首先简要分析了点目标激光雷达方程,建立了空间环境的背景光噪声模型,探讨了单光子激光雷达的探测概率与虚警率,对激光的回波信号与探测精度进行了理论分析与仿真,最后分析了不同目标的探测能量需求.由理论分析与仿真结果来看,对500 km处的尺寸为10 cm的目标可以实现精度为0.2 m的有效探测.