ABR-MABR耦合工艺处理畜禽养殖废水的同步启动

摘要

To evaluate the feasibility of treating synthetic livestock wastewater by the coupling biological process of anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) and membrane biofilm bioreactor (MABR),mature anaerobic granular and activated sludges were employed as the seed sludge for ABR and MABR compartments,respectively.The microbial community structure in ABR-MABR compartments was analyzed by PCR-DGGE.The results showed that the duration of start-up time lasted 48 days until the OLR reached 5.0 kg/(m3 · d) (measured as CODcr) as the organic loading rate (OLR) increased gradually.After start-up,the average removal rates of CODcr and NH4 +-N for ABRMABR treating synthetic livestock and poultry wastewater reached 89％ and 60％,respectively.The MLSS values of anaerobic granular sludge in ABR compartments ranged from 14.0 to 35.0 g/L,and their median diameters increased from 1.18-1.58 mm of seed sludge to 1.62-2.37 mm.Moreover,sludge in ABR-MABR compartments consisted of bacillus,filamentous fungus,sphaerophorus and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS).Moreover,hydrogenogens and methanogensor denitrifying bacteria were predominant in anaerobic compartments of ABR-MABR.Nitrobacteria,such as uncultured Nitrospira sp.,uncultured Nitrospira sp.(Nitrospirae) and denitrifying bacteria like Thauera sp.were also observed in MABR compartments,and anaerobic bacteria such as hydrogenogens and methanogens also appeared.The study indicated that the quick and synchronous start-up of ABR-MABR could be achieved by inoculating mature anaerobic granular sludge and gradually increasing OLR.%为评价采用ABR-MABR(厌氧折流板反应器-膜曝气生物膜反应器)耦合工艺处理畜禽养殖废水的可行性,采用模拟畜禽养殖废水,通过在ABR的厌氧格室接种厌氧颗粒污泥和MABR的好氧格室接种活性污泥,逐步升高进水负荷进行反应器的同步启动,并通过PCR-DGGE技术研究了反应器中微生物群落结构.结果表明:48 d后反应器OLR(有机负荷,以CODcr计)达到5.0kg/(m3·d),此时,耦合反应器对CODCr、NH4+-N的去除率分别可达89％、60％,反应器成功启动;成功启动之后反应器中厌氧颗粒污泥的浓度在14.0～35.0 g/L之间,直径由1.18～1.58 mm增至1.62～2.37 mm.ABR-MABR中的污泥主要由杆状菌和少量丝状菌、球状菌以及胞外聚合物组成;反应器中微生物群落结构丰富,厌氧格室中存在优势的具有产氢、产甲烷功能菌群或反硝化功能的菌群,曝气格室中存在硝化细菌[uncultured Nitrospira sp.、uncultured Nitrospira sp.(Nitrospirae)]与反硝化细菌(Thauerasp.),同时也发现了与厌氧消化产甲烷相关的菌群.研究显示,采用接种厌氧颗粒污泥与逐步升高进水负荷的方式可以快速实现ABR-MABR的同步启动.