农业综合开发、农技推广培训与农机购置补贴效率

摘要

Agricultural machinery subsidy is the most important policy to promote China's agricultural mechanization. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2004 to 2012,this paper estimates the comprehensive technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of agricultural machinery subsidy by using a DEA-Tobit model,and focuses on the mechanism analysis of how integrated agricultural development and agricultural extension and training affect the efficiency of agricultural machinery subsidy.The results show that,the overall comprehensive technical efficiency level is not high,mainly due to the low level of pure technical efficiency;there is a big difference among provinces,but the scale efficiency is generally high.The empirical results show that policy optimization and quality improvement of agricultural employees have a significant role in promoting subsidy efficiency,but the integrated agricultural development and agricultural extension and training fail to perform the prospective effect of theoretical analysis.In the end,this paper makes an explanation and gives policy recommendations.%农机购置补贴是中国推动农业机械化最重要的支持政策。本文通过DEA-Tobit模型测算了全国30个省份2004—2012年购置补贴政策的综合技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率，并着重分析了农业综合开发和农技推广培训对补贴效率的影响机制。研究结果表明，全国农机购置补贴政策的综合技术效率水平不高，主要是由于纯技术效率过低；各省份之间的效率值存在较大差异，但规模效率普遍较高；实证结果显示补贴政策实施方式的优化以及农机从业人员的素质对补贴效率有显著的促进作用，但是农业综合开发和农技综合培训却并没有达到理论分析的预期效果。本文对以上问题做出了解释，并给出政策建议。