文章提出了同时考虑径向上的非均匀风速分布和轴向控制体侧面上空气流量变化对尾流风速影响的改进模型.采用Jensen模型、轴向改进的半经验模型、径向改进的二维模型、文章提出的改进模型进行风电场产能分析,验证不同尾流模型用于风电场产能分析时的计算精度.计算的产能结果与江苏省某风电场的实际产能进行对比,结果表明,文章提出的改进模型具有较好的计算精度.风电场的产能损失主要来源于尾流损失,其主要取决于3个因素:①风力机与上风向风力机间距的大小;②尾流效应影响的风向上的风速在全年风速中的比例大小;③是否受多台风力机尾流叠加影响.文章提出的改进模型能提高风电场产能的评估精度.文章提出决定尾流损失的3个因素对优化风电场的排布设计、提高风电场的总产能和经济效益具有重要指导意义.%This paper proposed an inproved model to consider the impact of the radial and axial air flow to non-uniform velocity distribution of wind speed. Jensen model,axial improved semi-empirical model,radial improved two-dimensional model are the three models being considered simultaneously for wind speed distribution prediction. It is then further used to predict wind farm capacity. Realistic data from a wind farm at Jiangsu China is used to prove the performance of the model. The results show that the predicted capacity by the model agree to the realistic data which proves its high accuracy. This paper also concluded that wind farm energy production loss mainly comes from wake loss,which mainly depends on three key factors:the distance between wind and wind turbines,the proportion of wind speed that can produce wake effects within the annual wind speeds,the superposition of wind turbine wakes. The model proposed is useful for wind farm capacity prediction. The conclusion of this paper is meaningful for wind farm design optimization.
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