利用无人飞艇搭载组合宽角相机进行低空低速航空摄影,获取高分辨率、高清晰度、宽像幅、大航摄基高比影像,实现平面和高程测量精度的提高;采用地面标志布设像控标志点,提高坐标量测精度和空三加密精度;采用新的无人飞艇低空航测生产技术,实现满足国家规范要求的航测内业直接采集1∶500地形图平面和高程数据生产方式,解决了长期以来大比例尺航测成图内业高程测量精度达不到要求的难题,提高了航测生产效率,试验表明该技术具有较强的实用性和应用潜力.%This paper analyses the factors which influence the accuracy of large scale topographic mapping by photogrammetric method.By using wide angle combined camera carried on low altitude unmanned airship with low speed,high resolution and high sharpness and wide images are obtained,that also improves the base-height ratio,consequently,improves the planimetric coordinates and elevation measurement accuracy.Artificial photogrammetric targets as image control points are used to improve the coordinate measurement accuracy and the aerotriangulation accuracy.The project of 1∶500 scale topographic mapping was performed by using the low altitude unmanned airship photogrammetric technology,where the horizontal coordinates and elevations of the object points are meansured by office work,the elevation is measured by field work,and the result meets the required accuracy of 1∶500 scale topographic mapping.This technology solves the problem that the elevation accuracy cannot meet the required accuracy in large scale topographic mapping by photogrammetic method,and it greatly improves the efficiency of photogrammetric work.The experiment demonstrated that the low altitude photogrammetric technology with unmanned airship is practical and it has a great application potentiality.
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