碑林藏两方《元辅昌墓志》释读

摘要

In Beilin Museum, two epitaphs of Fu Chang of the Yuan Dynasty are collected. One of them is made of brick and the other is made of stone, and they were made 35 years away from each other. Because of this time gap, the messages delivered by these two epitaphs are different, which means that the latter contained richer contents;moreover, because the latter was composed by Tong Shu, a famous Confucian scholar of the Yuan Dynasty, the stone epitaph is assigned the signiifcance of“literary work”and the action of“composing”itself more social meanings. Comprehensively reading and interpreting these two epitaphs will be very helpful for us to understanding the life, career, marriage and family of the epitaph master, the special political and historic situations then and there, and the inlfuences of the scholars of the Han ethnic group as“de facto elites”in the rural societies of the Yuan Dynasty.%西安碑林收藏有两方《元辅昌墓志》，一为砖志，一为石志，两者间隔35年。时过境迁，志文传达的信息趋于丰富，而石志因其撰写者为元代名儒同恕而平添了“作品”的意义，亦赋予了撰写的“行为”本身更多的社会意义。将这两方墓志综合释读，对于了解志主生平、婚姻家庭，彼时特定的政治历史境况，元代汉人士大夫作为“事实精英”在乡里社会的影响力等有所助益。