对高炉炉缸和炉底的侵蚀机制、合理的炉缸结构、炉缸和炉底内衬结构及其耐火材料进行了较为全面的介绍,同时建议在高炉生产过程中采取一系列措施来提高炉缸、炉底的寿命:拥有合理的死铁层深度、炉缸高度和铁口深度的炉缸结构,可为高炉高效长寿和生产的稳定顺行奠定良好基础；根据高炉顺行情况和炉缸、炉底侵蚀状态控制好生铁成分,并采取有效措施减少碱金属等有害元素在炉内的富集及对炉缸、炉底的侵蚀;在线进行压浆能有效消除炉缸砖衬间的缝隙,提高炉缸冷却系统的冷却效果,减缓炉缸砖衬的侵蚀；加含钛物料护炉可以使侵蚀严重的炉底、炉缸转危为安,显著提高高炉寿命.%The corrosion mechanism,lining structure and refractories of blast furnace hearth and bottom,and the optimal hearth structure were overall presented. Measures to prolong the campaign of blast furnace hearth and bottom were given:( 1 )optimizing the salamander depth,hearth depth and taphole depth to get a stable and efficient production process,as well as long campaign:(2)controlling the pig iron composition and reducing the accumulation of harmful matters such as alkali metals and their corrosion to hearth and bottom according to running situation of blast furnace and corrosion of hearth and bottom: (3) on-line mudjacking to fill the gaps among bricks,enhancing the efficiency of cooling system and reducing the corrosion to refractories lining: (4)feeding titanium-containing materials to protect the severely corroded parts.
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