地壳流体对地震活动的影响与控制作用

摘要

地壳中普遍存在着流体，不仅在地壳动力过程中发挥重要作用，而且也极有可能在地震孕育与发生过程中起着不为人知的重要作用。这样的认识，越来越得到地质学家与地球物理学者们的认可。本文概括介绍了地壳流体对地震活动的空间分布、震源深度与强震活动周期的影响与控制作用，并提出了地壳硬夹层孕震与流体促震的假设。最后还介绍了通过流体控制地震活动并实现减轻地震灾害的思想。%Fluid is prevalent in the earth crust and it plays an important role in the crust dynamical processes.These points are approved by more and more geologists and geophysi-cists.The role of the fluid is no exception in the process of earthquake preparation and occur-rence.In this paper,the influence and controlling of fluid to the spatial distribution of earth-quake,depth of focus and active period of strong earthquake are briefly presented,and on the basis of them,a hypothesis that the earthquake is prepared in a strong-layer of the crust and promoted by the fluids is advanced.An idea on controlling earthquake activity and miti-gating earthquake disasters by fluid is introduced.