一种可自动配对的二维波达方向估计算法

摘要

针对非相关远场窄带信号,提出了一种基于L阵模型的低复杂度高分辨二维波达方向估计算法.该方法通过利用互相关矩阵以及L阵的几何结构,消除了附加噪声的影响,且对于方位角和俯仰角的求取仅仅需要一维估计,同时该算法只需对一个低维矩阵进行特征值分解,减少了运算负担,该算法利用特征值求取俯仰角,利用相应的特征向量构造出的虚拟阵列响应矩阵求取与俯仰角配对的方位角.仿真进一步证明了算法的有效性,通过仿真还可以看出,该文所提方法在低信噪比、小快拍数和较小角度间距的情况下都具有良好的性能.%A low complexity and high resolution estimation method for two dimensional (2-D) direction of arrival of far-field narrowband signals for an L-shaped array is presented in this paper. By making use of the cross-correlation matrix and the L-shaped array geometry, the effect of the additive noise is eliminated. The proposed method only needs 1-D estimation for joint azimuth and elevation angle estimation by eigenvalue decomposition(EVD) of a low dimension matrix, which can reduce the computational burden. What's more, the elevation angles are estimated by the eigenvalues, and the corresponding azimuth angles are estimated through the use of the virtual array response matrix constructed by the corresponding eigenvectors. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through computer simulations, and it is shown that the proposed method performs well in the situation of low SNR, small snapshots, and little angular separation.