Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) is a method to investigate the bactericidal process based on the antimicrobial pharmacokinetic in vivo.It overall considers the relationship among pathogen,host and drug,and it's more in line with the drug action against infection and clinical practice.PK / PD parameter is a comprehensive quantitative parameter between pharmacokinetic and antibacterial activity,including AUC0-t/MIC,Cmax/MIC,and T＞ MIC,etc.According to the antibacterial characteristics of the drugs,they can be divided into concentration-dependent and time-dependent antimicrobial agents,and their mode of administration and target values are different.Nosocomial pneumonia is a serious and common nosocomial infection.Base on PK/PD principles,doctors can design optimal dosing regimen taking into consideration of different pathogenic species,bacterial resistance and patients pathological conditions,etc.,so as to improve the success rate of infectious diseases therapy.By using Monte Carlo simulation method to adjust the dosage and mode of administration of antimicrobial,in fact,this process is the most important aspect in optimization of antimicrobial therapy.%药代动力学/药效学(pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics,PK/PD)是基于抗菌药物体内药动学过程研究其抗菌效果的方法,该理论综合考虑病原体、宿主和药物三者的相互关系,更符合药物抗感染行为与临床实际.PK/PD参数是药代动力学参数和体外抗菌活性参数之间的综合定量参数,包括AUC0-t/MIC、Cmax/MIC和T＞MIC等.根据抗菌药物抗菌作用特点可以分为浓度依赖性和时间依赖性抗菌药物,各自用药方式和目标值有所不同.医院肺炎是严重且常见的院内感染,病原种类、细菌耐药性、患者病理状况等有所不同,根据PK/PD原理,设计良好的给药方案,以提高感染治疗成功机率为目标,采用Monte Carlo模拟方法,调整抗菌药物剂量和给药方式,实为优化抗菌治疗最主要的内容之一.
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