考虑系统静态电压稳定性的电动汽车充电设备就地控制方法研究

摘要

With the large-scale development of electric vehicles, the ratio of the peak electric vehicle charging load to the total network load is rising day by day, which would have a negative impact on the static voltage stability of the power gird. This paper attempts to incorporate electric vehicle charging equipment into power system control, thereby reducing this negative impact. Firstly, three kinds of EV charging control method are proposed and their control effects are compared. The simulation and comparison show that all the three kinds of control methods could increase the load margin of the power grid, but the droop control method is more suitable for practical use. Then the droop control method is applied to New England 39-bus system to analyze its effect on load margin under different permeability and charging rate. The results show that the droop control method could increase the load margin obviously, it is an effective method for electric vehicle charging equipment local control.%随着电动汽车的大规模发展，其峰值充电负荷占全网负荷的比例日益上升，给电网的静态电压稳定带来了负面影响。试图将电动汽车充电设备纳入电力系统安稳控制，从而减少这一影响。提出了电动汽车充电设备的三种控制方法：灵敏度控制方法、理想控制方法以及下垂控制方法，并对其控制效果进行了对比。三种方法都能够达到提升系统负荷裕度的目的，但其中的下垂控制方法更适合实际控制应用。将下垂控制应用到新英格兰39节点系统，在不同渗透率和不同充电速率情况下分析其对系统电压稳定性的影响。结果表明下垂控制能够明显提高系统负荷裕度，是一种有效的电动汽车充电设备就地控制方法。