含多种分布式电源的直流微电网硬件在环仿真系统设计与实现

摘要

DC microgrids are characterized by attractive features such as high efficiency, reduced cost, suitability for distributed generation connection, and needlessness for synchronization. The control and operation of the DC microgrid become significantly important for its stability. This paper proposes a multi-level and multi-time-scale Hardware in-the-loop Simulation (HILS) system as a new method to develop and test control algorithms and operation strategies for the DC microgrid. According to different control hierarchies and time scales, DC microgrid primary control, secondary control and optimal operation control algorithm are implemented in different real-time simulators and controllers. The key unit and system control methods can be both tested in the proposed design. Finally, according to the proposed design and different processors' computing ability and characteristics, the HILS platform including a DSP, a RT-LAB, a cRIO and a host computer is built. Detailed tests are carried out to show feasibility and flexibility of the proposed HILS platform.%直流微电网具有高效、经济、适宜分布式电源接入和无同步问题等优点,其运行和控制方法对直流微电网的安全稳定运行至关重要.为了满足对含多种分布式电源直流微电网运行和控制策略的测试需求,提出一种针对直流微电网的多层次、多时间尺度硬件在环仿真(Hardware-in-the-loop Simulation, HILS)系统设计方案.该方案中,根据不同的控制层级和控制时间尺度,直流微电网的一次调压、二次调压和优化运行控制算法分别在不同的实时仿真机和控制器中实现,且兼顾了本地重点单元及系统控制算法的验证.最后,依据设计方案及不同处理器的运算能力和特性,搭建了由实际控制器DSP、RT-LAB实时仿真机、cRIO实时处理器及上位机等组成的HILS测试平台.并通过具体算例验证了所提HILS系统平台的可行性和灵活性.