糠醇树脂基聚氨酯硬泡的阻燃性能研究

摘要

在聚氨酯(PU)硬泡合成中引入成炭剂糠醇树脂(FR)、膨胀型阻燃剂多聚磷酸铵(APP),制备了阻燃PU硬泡.用热重分析、扫描电子显微镜等方法对材料进行了表征,用氧指数法、锥形量热仪分别分析了材料的阻燃性能.结果显示,适量糠醇树脂的引入可降低PU硬泡的最大热释放速率(PHRR) .PU/FR/APP 质量比55/20/25 的 PU 硬泡的氧指数达31.8%, PHRR 为75.4 kW/m2,比纯聚氨酯硬泡的PHRR(119.5 kW/m2)下降了36.9%,最大烟释放速率(PSRR)下降62.1%.PU硬泡燃烧后残炭率较高,成炭致密.%The PU/furfural resin(FR)/ammonium polyphosphate (APP) composites were prepared by intro-ducing charring agent FR and intumescent flame retardant APP into rigid polyurethane foam(PUF) .The materials were characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscope.The flame retardancy was analyzed by oxygen index, cone calorimeter methods.The results showed that the addition of FR could reduce the peak heat release rate (PHRR) of PUF.The oxygen index of PU/FR/APP with mass ratio 55/20/25 was 31.8%, the PHRR was 75.4 kW/m2, which declined 36.9% than PHRR(119.5 kW/m2)of pure PUF, and the peak smoke release rate (PSRR) decreased by 62.1%.The char yield was higher, and the combustion residue was more compact when the PUF was burnt.