The complexation of thiophene with a Lewis acid with moderate acidity as a solvent, such as BF3-ethyl ether （BFEE） remarkedly lowered the electrochemical polymerization potential. The positively chargedmetal surface of electrode in the process of electrochemical deposition enhanced the coordination interactionbetween π-electrons of thiophene unit and the metal, which makes thiophene rings lie parallel to the surfaceof electrode, resulting in a highly ordered polymeric structure. Because of the large intra-chain transferintegrals, the transport of charge is believed to be principally along the conjugated chains, which is muchgreater than the inter-chain hopping. The specific electrical resistance across the polythiophene film thicknessis more than 104 times than that along the surface plane of the film. In this paper we review the recentdevelopment of polymerization technique by low potential electrochemical method performed in our lab andseveral electrical devices in which the compact polythiophene films, such as anionic and cationic sieves, andlaminate film junction of undoped polythiophene derivatives were used.
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