二点委夜蛾发生为害特点及暴发原因初探

摘要

二点委夜蛾是近年来我国夏玉米上发现的一种新害虫,自2005年在河北省首次报道以来,目前已蔓延到河北、山东、河南、山西、江苏、安徽6省.其发生为害呈现出发生范围广、蔓延速度快、暴发成灾明显、田间虫口密度高和世代重叠严重等显著特点.根据田间调查结合室内饲养观察,初步指出近年来我国黄淮海地区的“小麦—玉米”两熟种植区机收小麦秸秆还田、成虫具有较强的飞行(扩散)和生殖能力、缺乏天敌控制因子、幼虫隐蔽发生导致的监测与防治困难,以及对该害虫危害认识不足是导致其暴发成灾的主要原因.并提出二点委夜蛾的生物学、生态学基础、越冬与迁飞(扩散)行为特征以及综合防控技术是下一步亟待研究的科学问题.%Athetis lepigone, a new lepidopteran insect pest, occurs in the summer corn in China. The pest has spread to Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces since it was first reported in Hebei province in 2005. This paper reviews the damage characteristics and outbreak causes of A. lepigone, and discusses the future research direction with respect to the field investigation and laboratory rearing experiments. Several obvious damage characteristics, including wide damaging crop area, quick spreading speed of occurrence, significant larval outbreak, high density of field population and serious generation overlapping, were observed, and the causes leading to outbreak, including the wheat straws left in the field in Huanghuaihai areas after wheat machine harvest in recent years, stronger flight and reproduction capacity of adults, lack of natural enemy controlling factors to the pest, the difficulty of population monitoring and controlling caused by larval hiding trait, as well as insufficient attention to the pest damage, were analyzed. Finally, the future research direction, including the biology, ecology bases, overwintering and migration (flight) characteristics, and the integrated pest monitoring and management techniques, were also pointed out