洞庭湖区防鼠墙对东方田鼠防治效果调查

摘要

The oriental vole (Microtus fortis Buechner) was an agricultural pest in Dongting Lake area,and once caused serious damage to crops when the beaches were flooded and the voles were migrated into the surrounding farmland during the flooding season (June to October).Building rodent-proof wall along the dike surrounding the beaches was the best way to prevent voles from moving into the adjacent cropland.In order to confirm the effect of the rodent-proof wall,investigation by snap traps was conducted in April and July 2012.The trap success in farmland with rodent-proof wall on the dike was 0.52％,significantly lower (x2 =3.900,P =0.048) than that (1.76％) in farmland without rodent-proof wall after the voles has immigrated into farmland from the adjacent beaches.Compared to the population density in beaches,the decrease rate (98.53％) of population density in farmland with rodent-proof wall was significantly (x2 =11.060,P=0.01) higher than that (86.61％) in farmland without rodent-proof wall,in spite of the deratization by farmer in the unprotected polder.So it was suggested to promote rodent-proof wall along the dike in Dongting Lake area to limit crop damage.%东方田鼠(Microtus fortis Buechner)是洞庭湖区重要的害鼠种类,在数量暴发年份,在由湖滩被迫迁入农田过程中会对农作物造成毁灭性的危害,因此修筑防鼠墙以阻断迁移通路是最为有效的防治手段.为了解防鼠墙的防治效果,在2012年4月和7月分别在湖滩和对应的堤内农田进行调查.结果有防鼠墙的堤垸内农田的东方田鼠密度为0.52％,明显低于经过人工捕杀和药物灭鼠后无防鼠墙的农田1.76％(x2=3.900,P=0.048);迁入农田后的密度下降幅度为98.53％,明显高于无防鼠墙堤垸的86.61％(x2=11.060,P=0.01).充分显示了防鼠墙防治效果,因此建议大力推广.