不同杀菌剂对苹果炭疽叶枯病的防治效果

摘要

为了筛选出防治苹果炭疽叶枯病的有效杀菌剂，采用室外先接种后施药和先施药后接种的方法，测试了6种药剂的内吸治疗效果和8种药剂的保护效果。在病菌侵染后的72 h内使用吡唑醚菌酯，或在病菌侵染后的24 h内使用咪鲜胺对病斑的显症有一定的治疗效果。波尔多液在喷施后18 d，对炭疽叶枯病菌侵染的抑制效果仍达50％，肟菌·戊唑醇、烯酰·吡唑酯和唑醚·代森联3种药剂在施药后的第11天，其保护效果与对照仍有显著差异，持效期达11 d，代森锰锌、甲基硫菌灵、氢氧化铜和咪鲜胺4种保护剂的持效期只能维持6 d。炭疽叶枯病的防治应以波尔多液为主，并与吡唑醚菌酯等有机杀菌剂交替使用，有机铜制剂不能替代波尔多液。%In order to screen effective fungicides to control Glomerella leaf spot caused by G. cingulata,system-atic effects of 6 fungicides and protective effects of 8 fungicides were tested by applying the fungicides after and before inoculation. Pyraclostrobin and prochloraz could effectively inhibit infected pathogen to develop to disease lesions when applied within 72 hr and 24 hr after conidial inoculation. The 8 protective fungicides were all re-vealed effective protection effects within 6 days after application. Bordeaux mixture was the most effective pro-tection fungicide,the protective effect lasted 18 days,and could be used as the major fungicide in the control of Glomerella leaf spot.