黄淮海大豆新品种（系）的抗病性评价

摘要

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV),soybean cyst nematode (SCN),and soybean root rot (SRR)are main diseases reducing yield and quality in soybean [Glycine max(L.)Merr.]. In order to evaluate the resistance of soybean cultivars (lines)from Huang-Huai-Hai region to the three diseases,72 soybean accessions were measured by the method of field investigation and inoculation in an aphid-free greenhouse or net-house. The results showed that 9 lines(12.5% )(‘Zhong-zuo J8012’,‘Meng 01 38’,‘Fendou 86’,‘Zhongzuo X96328’,‘Fu 08 190’etc.)were highly resistant or resistant to both SMV strains SC3 and SC7,and 3 lines(‘Zhou 01015 1’,‘Yuanyu 8’,‘Jidou 17’)were moderately resistant to SCN No.1. The disease index of 31 portions was below 15 and occupied 43.06% of tested accessions to SRR. Eight lines (‘Fu 08 325’,‘HD0113’,‘Taifeng 6’etc.),accounting for 11.11% ,were resistant or moderately resistant to both SMV and SRR,and one cultivar(‘Jidou 17’)was resistant or moderately resistant to the three diseases. These results will provide references for soybean breeding with multi-resistance.%大豆花叶病毒（SMV）、大豆孢囊线虫（SCN）和大豆根腐病（SRR）是危害中国乃至世界大豆生产的3种主要病害。为了评价黄淮海选育的大豆新品种（系）对这3种病害的抗性水平，采用温网室接种鉴定及田间调查自然发病的方法，对72份大豆新品种（系）进行了抗病性鉴定。结果表明，‘中作J8012’、‘蒙01-38’、‘汾豆86’、‘中作X96328’、‘阜08-190’等9个品系对SMV流行株系SC3和SC7表现高抗或抗病，占参试品种总数的12．5％；‘周01015-1’、‘远育8号’和‘冀豆17’3个品系对SCN 1号生理小种表现中抗；自然条件下，抗SRR病情指数在15以下的大豆材料有31份，占鉴定总数的43．06％；对SMV和SRR的抗性水平均在中抗及以上的有‘阜08-325’、‘HD0113’、‘太丰6号’等8个品系，占参试品种数的11．11％，而对3种病害的抗性水平均在中抗以上的材料仅有‘冀豆17’1份。本研究的结果可为大豆抗病育种选择亲本和培育多抗性的大豆新品种提供参考。