克劳斯硫回收单元因液硫池气相空间易集聚大量H2S气体而存在闪爆危险,利用实验与模拟手段对液硫池闪爆事故进行分析.结果表明,在高温150℃条件下,硫化氢气体爆炸下限为2.8％(φ),低于文献值4 3％(φ).当液硫中H2S质量分数达到20μg/g时,液硫池上方气相组成已具有爆炸危险性,而增强气相空间的通风可以有效降低闪爆的风险.根据事故现场特点及研究结果,提出了5项整改措施.%There is an explosion danger in the gas phase space of the liquefied sulfur pool of Claus sulfur recovery units due to the accumulation of hydrogen sulfide gas. A flash explosion accident was analyzed by experiments and process simulation. Results showed that; at a high temperature of 150 t, the lower explosion limit of hydrogen sulfide was 2. 8% (V) which was lower than the literature data of 4. 3% ( V). Explosion danger was produced in the gas phase space of the liquefied sulfur pool when the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in liquefied sulfur was increased up to 20 ppmw. The probability of the flash explosion could be reduced by reinforcing the air ventilation of gas phase space. Five correction and improvement measures have been proposed based upon the characteristics of accidents and analysis results.
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