大口径管道开孔补强的设计核算方法及效果

摘要

Tapping the large diameter pipeline and welding branch-pipe to it are the common issues encountered in pipeline design. As the tapping area is large, a detailed calculation is necessary to determine whether the reinforcement is required or not as well as the requirement of reinforcement parameters. The accuracy of reinforcement calculation and reinforcement sufficiency are very important for the safe and stable operation of the pipelines. The tapping reinforcement of large diameter pipeline is analyzed in detail based upon the actual problems in the emergency maintenance of a crude oil pipeline in operation, and associated solutions and handling measures are proposed.%在没有标准管件可用的情况下,大口径管道上直接开孔焊接支管是管道设计时经常会遇到的问题,由于开孔面积较大,需要对开孔处进行详细核算以确定是否需要补强.若需要补强,要根据具体情况、相关标准规范来进行计算和判断,找出最适合的补强方式,并根据计算补强的具体参数要求进行开孔补强,核算结果的准确与否及开孔补强是否足够将影响管道的安全平衡运行.常规的大管道开孔补强分析计算有:根据规范及经验公式进行计算及判断、CAESARⅡ软件详细应力分析、按设备有限元进行分析计算等方式.从生产实际入手,针对某原油管线抢修项目中遇到的实际问题,利用CAESARⅡ软件对大口径管道的开孔补强进行了详细解析,提出了相应的解决方案及处理措施.