环氧涂料与碳纤维复合材料涂覆性能研究

摘要

以环氧树脂和聚酰胺为基料,通过添加KH 560改性的纳米SiO2、SiC微粉、滑石粉和颜料等物质制备了一种适合用于碳纤维复合材料板材涂装的环氧涂料,探讨了聚酰胺与环氧树脂的质量比及改性纳米SiO2、SiC、滑石粉的添加量对漆膜性能的影响.结果表明:涂料的最佳配方以甲、乙组分总质量计为:聚酰胺与环氧树脂质量比为1∶3,改性纳米SiO2 、SiC微粉、滑石粉填入量分别为1％、6％、8％,按此配方得到的环氧涂料涂覆在活化液处理后的碳纤维板材上,漆膜具有很好的耐酸碱性、耐水性和耐盐雾性,且柔韧性较好,高温处理后漆膜不发生起皱、脱皮等现象,达到了中车涂装的技术标准;环氧涂料和碳纤维板材存在物理和化学等相互作用,且环氧分子聚合过程中产生的内应力较小,因此附着性能优良,适合工业化作业.%An epoxy coating applicable to carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) has been prepared by using epoxy and polyamide as raw materials in addition to KH 560-modified nano-SiO2,SiC micro powder,talcum powder and pigment.The effect of factors such as the ratio of polyamide and epoxy,the content of modified nano-SiO2,SiC and talcum powder on film performance was investigated.The optimum formulation of the coating was calculated by total mass of A and B components as follows:mass ratio of polyamide and epoxy was 1∶3,the amount of modified nano-silica,SiC and talcum powder was 1％,6％ and 8％ respectively.The optimal coating film had a good acid and alkali resistance,water resistance,salt fog resistance,superior flexibility,and the film did not winker or peel after heat treatment when it was coated on the CFRP which was pretreated by CRRC-475 activator.There were chemical and physical interactions between epoxy coating and CFRP.In addition,the epoxy coating generated lesser internal stress in the process of curing,so the epoxy coating had excellent adhesion on the CFRP.All results reached the CRRC technical standards for industrialization.