从琉球问题的演变看钓鱼岛的主权归属

摘要

The Diaoyu Islands had been China’s territory up to 1895,and it has neither been terra nullius nor the territory of Ryukyu.Japan acquired the Diaoyu Islands by annexation at first and by cession at last during Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895.According to the Cairo Declaration,the Potsdam Proclamation and the Japanese Instrument of Surrender,the Diaoyu Islands were returned to China after the Second World War.The United States arbitrarily expanded its jurisdiction to China’s Diaoyu Islands,however, there were no legal ground whatever for the US act,to which China has firmly opposed.On June 1971,the United States signed the Agreement Concerning the Ryukyu Islands and the Daiyu Islands,provided that any and all powers of administration over the Ryukyu Islands and the Daiyu Islands would be“returned”to Japan,which was a gross violation to China ’s territorial sovereignty.Japan cannot acquire the Diaoyu Islands from the US military occupation and unlawful administration.%1895年之前，钓鱼岛一直是中国的固有领土，根本不是无主地，也从来不属于琉球国。甲午战争时，日本通过征服、割让，从中国窃取了钓鱼岛。“二战”后，中国根据《开罗宣言》、《波茨坦公告》、《日本投降书》等国际法律文件，恢复对钓鱼岛的主权。美国在对琉球群岛施政期间，擅自扩大范围，非法将中国领土钓鱼岛纳入其中，这是对中国领土主权的侵犯，是非法的、无效的；美国将琉球群岛“施政权”归还日本时将中国钓鱼岛交给日本，是对中国领土主权的粗暴侵犯。日本不能从美国对钓鱼岛的非法施政而取得对钓鱼岛的主权，中国对钓鱼岛的领土主权不容侵犯。