Division of Vertebrate Zoology-Department of Ornithology American Museum of Natural History Central Park West@79th Street New York NY 10024-5192 USAPeople and Wildlife Research Group School of Biological Sciences University of Reading Whiteknights Reading RG66AS UK;
Division of Vertebrate Zoology-Department of Ornithology American Museum of Natural History Central Park West@79th Street New York NY 10024-5192 USADepart-ment of Biology(Zoology Section Biogeography Research Laboratory) Faculty of Science Hacettepe University Beytepe 06800 Ankara Turkey;
People and Wildlife Research Group School of Biological Sciences University of Reading Whiteknights Reading RG66AS UK;
Annual mean temperature; Climate change; Common Grackle; Ecological niche modelling; Range shift; Seasonality;