Ultrafast laser filamentation is an attractive nonlinear phenomenon as a consequence of dynamic balance between Kerr self-focusing and defocusing effect in the electron plasma generated through the ionization process.Achieving the regulation of the non-diffractive ultra-long transmission will play an important role in the development of novel ultrafast laser material processing technology. In this paper, the investigation on the research of ultrafast laser industrial application based on filamentation was introduced. From the physical feature, basic mechanism and characteristic advantages of filamentation effects, the representative research achievements on the laser applications of filamentary propagation induced by gas, liquid and solid different media were presented. The development problem and prospect of the technique were also considered and discussed.%激光成丝是超快激光在透明介质传输中的一种非线性光学现象,来源于光克尔效应引起的激光光束自聚焦与弱电离产生的等离子体散焦之间的动态平衡,对其超长传输物理特征非衍射性的调控在研发新一代超快激光材料加工技术上具有至关重要的作用.本文面向激光制造现代工程应用的发展需求,对基于光丝效应的激光高精加工研究现状进行了调研和总结,从激光成丝物理现象、基本机制和特征优势出发,介绍了超快激光在气、液及固体不同介质中光丝引导加工工艺的研发进展,对技术发展中的问题和前景进行了思考与分析.
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