Objective To describe the radiological appearances of lipid poor retroperitoneal liposarcomas (LPRL) and estimate the clinical diagnosis. Method A retrospective study of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic reso-nance image (MRI) findings was undertaken in 21 patients with pathologically-proven LPRL who were seen at our in-stitute from 2005 to 2012. Result All the 21 patients of LPRL had retroperitoneal solid mass without adipose tissue, which ranged from 1.9 cm to 21.0 cm in size with a mean of 12.5 cm. Twelve cases had clear boundaries and 9 with obscure margins. The lesions were lobulated or irregular. Twelve patients had their tumors in peri-renal space, 6 in an-terior para-renal space, and 3 in posterior para-renal space. And the tumors exhibited large blood vessel shadows in 9 cases, septa in 11, necrosis in 7, and calcification in 4. On unenhanced CT or MRI, the mass usually had an inhomo-geneous density or signal (hypoattenuation signal on T1WI, intermediate signal intensity on T2WI). On enhanced CT or MRI, the solid part of the lesion enhanced markedly and was often accompanied by septa, necrosis and blood ves-sel shadows. Conclusion The CT and MRI appearances of LPRL correspond with their pathological type. LPRL should be included in the differential diagnosis of tumors in the retroperitoneal space.%目的：探讨并分析影像学评价无脂肪的腹膜后脂肪肉瘤（lipid poor retroperitoneal liposarcomas， LPRL）的 CT 和 MRI 表现及其临床诊断、鉴别价值。方法回顾性分析21例经病理证实的无脂肪的腹膜后脂肪肉瘤患者的临床及 CT、MRI 影像学资料，并与病理和组织学表现对照分析。结果21例患者病变表现为腹膜后软组织肿物，大小为（12.5±8.0）cm，范围为1.9～21.0 cm。肿瘤边界清晰者12例，边界不清者9例。病变呈分叶状或形态不规则。肿瘤位于肾周间隙者12例，位于肾旁前间隙者6例，位于肾旁后间隙者3例。9例患者的肿瘤伴粗大血管影，11例伴分隔，7例伴坏死，4例伴钙化（粗大、散在、多发钙化）。该病有特征性的CT、MRI 表现，多表现为软组织实性肿物；平扫密度或信号不均匀，增强后实性部分不均匀强化，病变多伴坏死或分隔、血管影。结论 CT 及 MRI 对无脂肪的腹膜后脂肪肉瘤患者的临床诊断和鉴别有重要的参考价值。
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