油田硫酸钡结垢过程影响因素研究

摘要

In the production process in oilfields,scaling isa long-term problem.The produced water contains metal cations such as calcium ion,magnesium ion,iron ion,strontium ion and barium ion,and anions such as carbonate,hydroxide,hydroxide,sulfate and chlorine ion.These ions will react to separate crystals out,precipitate and scale.The dominant component of the scale is calcium carbonate,and it also contains barium carbonate,barium sultate,calcium sulfate,magnesium salt,silicate and so on.Study on the scaling rule of calcium carbonate is more,but that on barium sulfate scaling is relatively little.The effectsofreaction temperature,pH value,scale-forming ion concentration and polymer on barium carbonate scaling process and rule are studied by the static precipitation method.Experimental results show that with the increase of pH value and ion concentration,the tendency of barium sultate scaling increases;with the increase of temperature and concentration of polyacrylamide (HPAM),the tendency of barium sulfate scaling decreases.%在油田生产过程中,结垢是一个始终伴随的问题.采出水中含有钙、镁、铁、锶、钡等金属阳离子和碳酸根、碳酸氢根、氢氧根、硫酸根、氯离子等阴离子,这些离子在一定条件下会发生反应,析出结晶沉淀而结垢.垢的主要成分为碳酸钙,同时含有碳酸钡、硫酸钡、硫酸钙、镁盐、硅酸盐等成分.关于碳酸钙结垢规律的研究较多,但对硫酸钡结垢的研究相对较少.采用静态沉淀法,研究了反应温度、pH值、成垢离子浓度及聚合物等因素对硫酸钡结垢过程和规律的影响.实验结果表明,随pH值升高和成垢离子浓度的增加,硫酸钡成垢趋势增大;随温度升高和聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)浓度的增加,硫酸钡结垢量降低.