油田采出水处理中混凝沉降罐结构计算与分析

摘要

随着油藏开采方式的不断发展,油田采出水的成分变得更加复杂,处理难度也逐渐加大,混凝沉降罐作为油田采出水预处理的常用装置,其处理效果的好坏直接影响到整个污水处理系统的正常运行,因此,有必要对其工艺设计进行优化和改进,以满足实际工程的需要.首先对混凝沉降罐各组成部分的计算进行了举例说明;其次对各个功能系统的分类和优缺点进行了详细分析,并针对一些问题提出了改进意见.为了避免出水管道中发生夹气现象,可采用出水堰箱出水方式,并将出水管在罐内低位设置S型存水弯.在固定收油方式中,通过在出水堰箱底部设置高、低液位出水堰板,实现收油的同时也能正常出水.中心反应筒放空阀出口与两个罐放空阀之间连接,可以防止中心反应筒因只承受外压而导致变形塌陷.%With the development ofoil mining method,the compositions of oil produced water become more complex,so the treatment of oil produced water becomes more difficult.the coagulation settling tank is the common equipment of pretreatment of oil produced water,and its running state affects the normal operation of sewage treatment system.Therefore,it's necessary to improve the process design of coagulation settling tank to meet the demand of practical engineering.First of all,in order to illustrate the calculation of the constituent part of coagulation settling tank,an example is given.After that,the classification,merits and faults of various function system are studied,and some suggestions are given.In order to avoid gas entrainment in outlet pipe,outlet-weir-tank can be used,and the outlet s-trap is set at the low position of tanks.In the way of fixed oil collection,through setting high and low weir plates at the bottom of outlet-weir-tank,water is yielding when collecting oil is accessible.The emptying valve outlet of central reaction cylinder is connected with the emptying pipe of tank between two emptying valve,which can prevent deformation and collapse caused by receiving external pressure only.