冷热油交替输送工艺是在低温情况下保证管道正常输送的重要手段,该工艺主要应用热力学方法,合理安排管道冷热油变换输送的频率.通过大量的基础数据计算,并依据冷热油交替输送的数学模型,对花土沟油田管道热油和冷油的交替输送过程进行计算.结果表明,冷热油交替输送两至三次后,管道内的原油温度变化会呈现出周期性;预热管道前端的冷油或者适当增加热油的输送量,可以更好地保证冷热油交替输送的安全.经过经济性对比分析,得到花土沟油田管道在低温下成本较低的输送方案为:在第一站进行加热,保证花土沟油田的管道原油出站温度为40℃,进口原油的出站温度为30℃,原油输量为1100 m3/h,并提前48 h将前行冷油加热到45℃,全年输送11个批次.%The pipeline alternating transportation process of cold and hot oil is the important means to ensure the normal transportation of pipelines at low temperatures. The process main applies the ther-modynamic method to reasonably arrange the frequency of pipeline alternating transportation of cold and hot oil. Through a large number of basic data calculation, and combined with the mathematical model of cold and heat oil alternating transportation,the alternating process of cold and hot oil in pipe-lines of Huatugou Oilfield is calculated. The reslut shows that after two to three times of alternation of cold and hot oil, the temperature of the crude oil in pipelines will change periodically; preheating the cold oil at the front end of pipelines or increasing the throughput of hot oil can better ensure the safety of alternating transportation of cold and hot oil. Through economic comparison and analysis, the transportation scheme of transportation pipelines of Huatugou Oilfield at low temperatures can be got:the pipeline should be heated at the first station, ensuring that the exit temperature of crude oil in pipelines of Huatugou Oilfield should be 40 ℃, the exit temperature of imported crude oil should be 30 ℃, the crude oil throughput of Huatugou Oilfield should be 1100 m3/h; the foregoing cold oil should be heated to 45℃ 48 hours in advance,and 11 batches should be transported per year.
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