抽油泵阀罩的应力计算及失效分析

摘要

对某采油厂失效抽油泵的调查发现,阀罩内部磨损而引起的阀罩卡阀球事故已成为抽油泵失效的主要原因之一.应用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,建立阀球撞击阀罩力学模型,分析抽油泵阀罩的受力.结果表明:柱塞在上、下冲程运动过程中,阀球频繁开启撞击阀罩,导致阀罩局部应力过大,使阀罩局部产生疲劳破坏,阀球不能正常工作.仿真结果与现场实际吻合较好,对抽油泵阀罩的结构改进提供了依据.%A survey on failure pump in an oil factory showed that valve stuck caused by valve cover internal abrasion has become one of the main reasons about pump failure. Use software ANSYS/ LS-DYNA, establishing the mechanical model that the valve ball hits the valve cover,.simulating and analyzing the force state of the valve cover,find that during the movement process of the upstroke and down-stroke,the valve ball hit valve cover frequently,causing high local stress of valve cover,the periodic impacts make the valve cover local fatigue failure,resulting in the valve ball not to work. The simulation result agrees well with the actual result,providing basis for the improvement of valve cover structure.