水力压裂对油管头四通冲蚀磨损分析

摘要

The hydraulic fracturing of shale gas has a great impact on the wellhead equipment,and the tubing head spool is a permanent connection device.The damaged tubing head spool will bring a high risk.The research is based on the jet erosion wear test machine and computational fluid dy-namics.In order to provide the basis for the design and material of shale gas wellhead,the charac-teristics of the tubing head spool material are studied and the erosion-corrosion is computed for the tubing head spool during hydraulic fracturing.The erosion-corrosion test and simulation re-sults show that the erosion angle influences the well head device.The media shape and surface factors decide the material erosion wear rate of the tubing head.There is higher erosion wear rate in by means of ceramsite than sand.Particle size in erosion meets “size effect”.The tubing head devices meet the requirements of safe operation in the hydraulic fracturing via CFD predictions.%页岩气水力压裂对井口装置的冲蚀破坏性较大，且油管头四通为永久性连接装置，一旦破坏将带来较大风险。基于喷射型冲蚀磨损机理及计算流体力学，结合冲蚀磨损试验及模拟计算，研究水力压裂下油管头四通材料的冲蚀磨损特性以及分析计算固-液两相流冲蚀下油管头四通冲蚀磨损程度。结果表明，冲蚀角度对油管头磨损影响较大；冲蚀介质的形状及表面因素决定油管头材料冲蚀磨损量；陶粒较石英砂冲蚀磨损率大；粒度对基材的冲蚀磨损满足“尺寸效应”。基于 CFD 预测水力压裂下油管头的减薄率，满足作业安全要求。