高龄老人衰弱进程中跌倒及用药安全照护需求状况分析

摘要

[目的]了解高龄老人的衰弱进程、跌倒及用药安全照护需求状况,分析衰弱程度与跌倒及用药安全照护需求的相关性.[方法]选取唐山市10个社区卫生服务中心辖区居民中75岁及以上的老年人,采用衰弱综合评估工具(CFAI)、老年人跌倒危险评估量表、老年人安全用药行为量表进行测评.[结果]3 448例高龄老人衰弱率100.0％,随年龄的增加其衰弱程度呈加重趋势,其差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);高龄老人安全照护需求高者占25.9％,用药安全照护需求高者占49.8％;多因素分析显示年龄、衰弱程度是高龄老人跌倒安全照护需求的影响因素,文化程度和衰弱程度是高龄老人用药安全照护需求的影响因素.[结论]应加强对高龄老人安全,尤其是用药安全照护,依据衰弱程度提供相应的照护.%Objective:To understand the frailty process,nursing demand condition of falling and medication safety of the elderly,and to analyze the correlation of frailty degree with the nursing demand of falls and medication safety.Methods:The elderly people aged 75 and over from 10 community health service centers in Tangshan city were enrolled in this study,and were investigated by Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument (CFAI),Falls Risk for Older People in the Community Screening Tool(FROP-Com),and Medication Safety behavior for Older People Scale.Results:The frailty rate of 3 448 elderly were 100.0％,the frailty degree increased with age,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).There was 25.9％ of the elderly whose safety nursing care request was higher,and 49.8％ who required a higher medication safety.Multi-factor analysis showed that age and frailty degree were the influence factors of elderly's nursing demand on falling.Education level and frailty degree were the influencing factors of elderly's nursing demand on medication safety.Conclusion:It was necessary to strengthen the safety of the elderly,especially medication safety,and corresponding care should be provided according to the frailty degree.