苏州市社区居家护理适宜技术需求的现状调查

摘要

Objective:To investigate and analyze the situation of appropriate technical demands for community home care in Suzhou,and to provide decision -making basis for the popularization of appropriate home care technology.Methods:Selected 12 communities from 4 administrative regions of Suzhou,and select 55 community residents from each community.A total of 660 questionnaires were sent out and 566 valid questionnaires were obtained.The survey was conducted by using general information questionnaire and self-designed community home care appropriate technical demands questionnaire.Results:Among the community residents,36.04％ had received related home care training,and 24.73％ had participated in emergency drills.The higher demands of home nursing knowledge were self-health care for the aged,home care for chronic diseases,prevention and treatment of osteoporosis,health maintenance of traditional Chinese medicine,and home care for children,etc..The higher demands of home care skills were accidental injury treatment,TCM health preserving skills,cardiopulmonary resuscitation,blood pressure monitoring and so on.Health care lectures and health lectures were the main channels for community residents to learn the knowledge and skills of home care.Two-way communication,case sharing and practical operation were the main forms of lectures of interest to respondents.Most of the respondents could participate in the training at any time,among which 53.18％ believed that the training duration is more appropriate within 1 h.Urgent attention was needed for psychological care problems.Conclusion:The community promotion of home care appropriate technology was conducive to the improvement of its health service level,and should be combined with the appropriate technical demands of community residents to promote appropriate home care technology,to provide a reference for further development and improvement of community home care service system.%目的:调查分析苏州市社区居家护理适宜技术需求情况,为居家护理适宜技术推广工作提供决策依据.方法:从苏州市的4个行政区域抽取12个社区,再从每个社区抽取55名社区居民,共计发放660份问卷,有效问卷566份.采用一般资料调查表、自行设计的社区居家护理适宜技术需求问卷进行调查分析.结果:36.04％的社区居民接受过相关居家护理培训,24.73％的社区居民参加过急救演练.居家护理知识需求较高的是老年自我保健、慢性病居家护理、骨质疏松防治、中医养生、儿童居家护理等.居家护理技能需求较高的是意外伤害处理、中医养生技能、心肺复苏、血压监测等.医护讲解和健康讲座是社区居民期望学习居家护理知识技能的主要途径.双向、案例分享和实际操作是调查对象感兴趣的主要讲课形式.多数调查对象可随时参与培训,53.18％的调查对象认为培训时长在1h内比较合适.心理护理问题需要亟待关注.结论:社区推广居家护理适宜技术有利于促进其卫生服务水平的提高,应结合社区居民居家护理适宜技术需求有针对性地进行适宜技术推广,为进一步发展、完善社区居家护理服务体系提供参考.