经皮肾镜碎石术后主要并发症原因分析及护理

摘要

Objective To study the nursing strategy and reasons for common complications of Percutane-ous Lithotripsy .Methods Totally 66 patients undergone percutaneous lithotripsy were selected and their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively .Results 24 patients got severe infection ,including 22 with chills and fever ,2 with infective shock ,9 cases of excessive bleeding ,1 with pseudoaneurysm ,13 cases with residual stones ,12 cases severe urinary extravasation and 1 died .Conclusion It is important for nurses to be familiar with the cause of the common complications of percutaneous lithotripsy ,thus to help nurses take early action and reduce the incidence of the several complications , and promote a speedy recovery of patients .%目的：探讨经皮肾镜碎石术（percutaneous lithotripsy ，PCNL）后患者主要并发症的原因及相应护理对策。方法回顾性分析2010年9月至2012年5月，在杭州市萧山区第一人民医院收治的66例行经皮肾镜碎石术患者的临床资料，结合文献进行分析。结果术后发生感染24例，其中术后寒战高热22例、感染性休克2例；大出血9例，其中假性动脉瘤形成1例；结石残留13例；严重尿外渗12例。全组患者病死1例。结论熟悉经皮肾镜碎石术主要并发症的发生原因，可尽早采取正确的护理对策，减少各类并发症的发生，促进患者尽快康复。