硬X射线焦斑环孔编码成像的理论与实验研究

摘要

针对几十～百keV能量的低强度X射线焦斑源测量,建立了高探测效率环孔编码成像技术.研究给出了环孔成像效率和信噪比与环孔结构参数的关系,采用微联结的环孔结构设计并模拟了联结区尺寸对成像质量的影响,解决了环孔结构同轴成像技术难题.所建立环孔成像系统应用于Unique-II X射线焦斑源成像实验.结果表明,X射线焦斑的空间分布近似为'马鞍'形状,而且中间部分的强度低于两侧的强度,与针孔成像结果相似,但环孔的探测效率明显高于针孔的效率.最后,分析了维纳滤波与R-L两种复原图像方法的效果.%Ring coded imaging technology with high detection efficiency was put forward to diagnose space distribution for low intensity X-ray spot with several tens to hundred of keV. In this paper, the relations of detection efficiency and signal – noise ratio varied with the ring geometric parameters were researched. The coaxial imaging technology was resolved by employing the design of local micro joins on the ring aperture, and simulating the influence of micro joint area size on imaging quality. The ring aperture imaging system was developed and the Unique-Ⅱ X-ray spot imaging experiment was implemented. The results show that the space distribution of the X-ray spot is approximate a 'saddle' shape, and the intensity in the middle part is lower than both sides along the long axis of the elliptical surface; this conclusion is consistent with pin-hole image; the detection efficiency of ring is evidently more than that of pin. Finally, the effects of and the R-L method and Wiener method used to restore the image are analyzed.