乌鲁木齐市常用建筑材料天然放射性水平及其辐射风险

摘要

为了解乌鲁木齐市常用建筑材料中天然放射性水平及其对居民的辐射风险,采用NaI(TI)低本底多道γ能谱仪对该市常用建筑主体材料中天然放射性核素226Ra、40K和232Th的比活度进行了测定,并根据相关标准进行评价.结果表明,乌鲁木齐市常用建筑主体材料中226Ra、40K和232Th的比活度分别为22.4～66.6、309.7 ～ 860.4和12.7～44.5 Bq/kg,其内、外照射指数分别为0.11～0.33和0.21～0.51.所调查材料用于房屋建筑时,对居民构成的年有效剂量(0.27～0.85 mSv/y)小于欧盟委员会所提出的最大限值(1 mSv/y).此次调查的乌鲁木齐市建筑主体材料的产销与使用范围不受限制.%The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides 226Ra,40K and 232Th in common building materials have been measured using a NaI(Tl) γ-ray spectrometry and the radiation hazard was accessed according to the relative standards for understanding the natural radioactivity level of building materials of Urumqi and their associated radiation hazards.The results show that the activity concentrations of 226Ra,40K and 232Th range from 22.4 to 66.6 Bq/kg,309.7 to 860.4 Bq/kg and 12.7 to 44.5 Bq/kg,respectively.The internal and external exposure index of building materials is 0.11 to 0.33 and 0.21 to 0.51,respectively.The annual effective dose equivalents to inhabit due to natural radionuclides in all investigated building materials,ranging from 0.27 to 0.85 mSy/y,are less than the maximum of 1 mSv/y proposed by EC.The usage and sale of the investigated building materials in Urumqi are unlimited.